Defeasible Reasoning in SROEL: from Rational Entailment to Rational Closure

In this work we study a rational extension $SROEL^R T$ of the low complexity description logic SROEL, which underlies the OWL EL ontology language. The extension involves a typicality operator T, whose semantics is based on Lehmann and Magidor's ranked models and allows for the definition of defeasible inclusions. We consider both rational entailment and minimal entailment. We show that deciding instance checking under minimal entailment is in general $\Pi^P_2$-hard, while, under rational entailment, instance checking can be computed in polynomial time. We develop a Datalog calculus for instance checking under rational entailment and exploit it, with stratified negation, for computing the rational closure of simple KBs in polynomial time.Comment: Accepted for publication on Fundamenta Informatica

Three-generation mobility in the United States, 1850-1940: the role of maternal and paternal grandparents

This paper estimates intergenerational elasticities across three generations in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, exploring how maternal and paternal grandfathers predict the economic status of their grandsons and granddaughters. We document that the relationship between the income of grandparents and grandchildren differs by gender. The socio-economic status of grandsons is more strongly associated with the status of paternal grandfathers than maternal grandfathers. The status of maternal grandfathers is more strongly correlated with the status of granddaughters than grandsons, while the opposite is true for paternal grandfathers. We argue that the findings can be rationalized by a model of gender-specific intergenerational transmission of traits and imperfect assortative mating.Accepted manuscrip

Fair and Unfair Income Inequalities in Europe

This paper analyses the extent of income inequality and opportunity inequality in 25 European countries. The present work contributes to understanding the origin of standard income inequality, helping to identify potential institutional setups that are associated to opportunity inequality. We distinguish between ex ante and ex post opportunity inequality. We find that ex ante equality of opportunity exhibits positive correlation with public expenditure in education, whereas ex post equality of opportunity is also positively associated to union presence and to fiscal redistribution.inequality of opportunity, income inequality

Fair and unfair income inequalities in Europe

This paper analyses the extent of income inequality and opportunity inequality in 25 European countries. The present work contributes to understanding the origin of standard income inequality, helping to identify potential institutional setups that are associated to opportunity inequality. We distinguish between ex-ante and ex-post opportunity inequality. We find that ex-ante equality of opportunity exhibits positive correlation with public expenditure in education, whereas ex-post equality of opportunity is also positively associated to union presence and to fiscal redistribution.Inequality of opportunity, income inequality.

Behaviour modelling and transformations for context-aware mobile applications

Today‟s panorama of service offerings is characterised by the widespread diffusion of the Internet and Web-based technologies everywhere in society. We are surrounded by devices that can support us in several tasks of our every-day life, like, for example, e-readers to access books and magazines, or mobile phones with extremely intuitive user interfaces for browsing, checking emails, keeping in touch with colleagues and friends through social networks, finding maps and locations, and so on. Moreover, this daily experience would not be possible without ultra-fast networks and wireless technologies that allow us to exchange any kind of data, anywhere, in real time and at low-cost. In this panorama, it becomes of vital importance for service providers to offer services that are innovative and distinctive. On one hand, service providers have to preserve current customers and attract new ones in order to survive in an ever growing arena of competitors. On the other hand, service users become more and more aware of the opportunities offered by the evolving technologies and, consequently, more demanding and with stronger expectations than in the past. Therefore, users expect a profusion of services wherever they are, to support whatever they are doing, and according to their personal preferences and needs, while providers have to create a wide range of enriched services in a rapid, low-cost and user-centric way.\ud This thesis proposes a layered methodology based on behaviour modelling and transformations for the development of context-aware mobile applications, which are distributed applications that can provide advanced and personalised services to their users. Currently available approaches, such as Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) and Model-Driven Architecture (MDA), are used in this thesis to support such a methodology. The main objective is to progress the state-of-the-art in model-driven development of context-aware mobile applications by taking into account the behaviour of these applications already in early stages of the development process. In order to achieve this, we refine the application behaviour in several steps, from abstract specifications to final implementations, and develop automated model transformations throughout these refinement steps to generate executable models and reason about their behavioural correctness

A lumpy back: extensive cutaneous collagenomas

A widespread form of eruptive collagenomas in a 12-year-old man is presented for the impressive iconography, challenging differential diagnosis, and histopathological considerations associated with such rare connective tissue disorders. Syndromic forms should be carefully investigated for the different course and prognosis. Treatment is a major unsolved issue as aesthetic concerns are significant, especially in young adults

Preface

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